sauron evil lord of middle earth

zooropa

2006-02-17T16:57:00.000-07:00

group

2005-12-30T15:20:00.000-07:00

a new group has been created. Anyone and everyone is welcome to join

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Macintosh_news_and_help/

groups

2005-12-19T11:17:00.000-07:00

Please feel free to join this group.

Bazooka

2005-12-19T08:31:00.000-07:00

shaving

2005-12-18T11:10:00.000-07:00

Last night i spent half an hour shaving my stomach wich was fun. Then i had to lotion my stomach.

Pics

2005-12-16T15:37:00.000-07:00

No School

2005-12-16T15:00:00.000-07:00

Today was the last day of school for this year! I don't have to go back until Jan, 3

The girls are kind of cute huh?

iPod

2005-12-15T15:26:00.000-07:00

Today i just got my iPod nano it's great!!!!!!

Love Apple

U2

2005-12-14T15:30:00.000-07:00

U2 is an Irish rock band featuring Bono (Paul David Hewson) on vocals and guitar, The Edge (David Howell Evans) on guitar and pianos, vocals, and bass, Adam Clayton on bass and guitar, and Larry Mullen on drums.

U2 has been one of the most popular rock bands in the world since the 1980s. The band is also very politically active in human rights causes.

History

Formation and breakthrough (1976 – 1980)

The band was formed in Dublin in October 1976. 14-year-old Larry Mullen, Jr. posted a note on his secondary school bulletin board seeking musicians for a new band. The response that followed that note resulted in a 5-piece band, known at the time as Feedback, with Mullen on drums, Adam Clayton on bass guitar, Paul Hewson (Bono) on vocals, Dave Evans and his brother Dik on guitar.

Hewson was nicknamed Bono Vox (meaning 'beautiful voice'), after a hearing aid company which had a large sign on Dublin's O'Connell Street. The Edge got his name from Bono who thought it was an accurate description of his head. (Another theory on Edge's nickname is that he is called after a hardware shop in Fairview, Dublin, outside of which he used to catch the bus home.)

After 18 months of rehearsals, Feedback changed their name to The Hype. The band performed with their new name at a talent show in Limerick, Ireland on 17 March 1978. One of the judges for the show happened to be CBS Records' Jackie Hayden; they won the contest, earning a £500 prize. Hayden was impressed enough with the band that he gave them studio time to record their first demo.

The Dublin punk rock guru Steve Averill (better known as Steve Rapid of the Radiators from Space) suggested that "The Hype stinks, at least as a name." Someone offered "What about U2? It's the name of a spyplane and a submarine, and it's got an endearing inclusivity about it."1 (http://www.u2.com)

Some suggest the meaning of the name "U2" is based on their philosophy. They believe that the audience is part of their music and the concert and that "you too" (U2) are participating in the music. Although, in an interview with Larry King, Bono is quoted as saying "I don't actually like the name U2", "I honestly never thought of it as 'you too'".

Dik Evans announced his departure in March 1978. The Hype performed a farewell show for him at the Community Centre in Howth. Dik walked offstage halfway through the set and later joined the Virgin Prunes, a fellow Dublin band. In May, Paul McGuinness became U2's manager.

Now a four-piece with a local fan base in place, U2 released their first single in September of 1979, U2-3. It topped the Irish charts. In December of that year, U2 travelled to London for its first shows outside of Ireland, but failed to get much attention from the foreign audiences and critics.

U2 made its first appearance on US television on the The Tomorrow Show hosted by Tom Snyder. It aired on June 4, 1981. They performed I Will Follow, and Twilight, along with an interview.

Boy and October (1980 – 1981)

Island Records signed the band in March of 1980. U2 released Boy the following October. That album's release was followed by U2's first tour outside the U.K. The band's second album, October, was released in 1981. Fans and music critics quickly made note of the band's spiritual lyrics. Bono, the Edge and Larry were committed Christians and made little effort to hide that fact. The three band members joined a religious group in Dublin called "Shalom", which led all three to question the relationship between the Christian faith and the rock and roll lifestyle. After nearly throwing in the towel on U2, they decided it was possible to reconcile the two by continuing to make music without compromising their personal beliefs.

War (1983)

In 1983, U2 returned with apparently a newfound sense of direction and the release of their third album, War. The album included the song "Sunday Bloody Sunday", which dealt with the situation in Northern Ireland. The song starts off by expressing the anger felt in Ireland over Bloody Sunday incident of 1972, but in successive stanzas moves through different imagery that disown that anger and place the song in a religious context, using imagery from Matthew 10:35 ("mother's children; brothers, sisters torn apart") , and a twist on 2 Corinthians 15:32 ("we eat and drink while tomorrow they die") before finishing off with a call for Christians to stop fighting each other and "claim the victory Jesus won, on a sunday bloody sunday". The ability to use such a range of images, taking a song initially about sectarian anger, and turn it into a call for Christians to unite and claim the victory over death and evil that Christ achieved in the ressurrection, showed the depth of the band's songwriting ability. Though not regarded musically as one of the best U2 songs (they had yet to hit the musical heights that became their trademark later), it is generally regarded as one of the most fascinating examples of their linguistic abilities. When some Irish-Americans tried to misrepresent the song as a rallying call for the Provisional IRA Bono responded with what became one of his most recognizable phrases in concerts, notably the performance on the live EP Under a Blood Red Sky - "this song is not a rebel song. This song is Sunday Bloody Sunday." Furthermore, in Rattle and Hum, during the perfomance of the song, Bono bluntly denounced the violence in Ireland and the Irish expatriates who ignorantly supported and glorified it.

The album's first single, "New Year's Day", was U2's first international hit single, reaching the #10 position on the U.K. charts and nearly cracking the Top 50 on the U.S. charts. MTV put the "New Year's Day" video into heavy rotation, which helped introduce U2 to the American audience. For the first time, the band began performing to sold-out concerts in mainland Europe and the U.S. The band recorded the Under a Blood Red Sky EP on this tour and a live video was also released.

The Unforgettable Fire and Live Aid (1984 – 1986)

The band began their fourth studio album with Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois producing. The experimental The Unforgettable Fire (named after a series of paintings made by survivors of the atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki) followed in 1984. The album featured the tribute to Martin Luther King, Jr., "Pride (In the Name of Love)". "Pride" became the first single from the album, cracking the U.K. Top 5 and the U.S Top 50. The album represented a turning point in the band's career, as Bono's lyrics became more complex, subtle and experimental, the Edge's guitar explored new sonic landscapes, and the rhythm section got looser and funkier. However, the material, although less overt, was no less political, with "MLK" also honoring the civil rights leader, "Indian Summer Sky" a social commentary on the prison-like atmosphere of city living in a world of natural forces, and the album title itself inspired by the title of a photo exhibit featuring images of the aftermath of the bombing of Hiroshima and NagasakiTop on display at the Chicago Peace Museum in the mid-80's (Bono would later contribute a poem entitled "Dreams in Box" to the museum's archives). A tour to support the new album followed.

Rolling Stone magazine called U2 the "Band of the 80s", saying that "for a growing number of rock-and-roll fans, U2 has become the band that matters most, maybe even the only band that matters."

The Live Aid concert for Ethiopian famine relief in July 1985 was seen by more than a billion people worldwide. As Queen was the main artist, U2 was not originally expected to be one of the main draws for the event, but the band provided the show with one of its most memorable moments, a relentless 13-minute version of "Bad" in which Bono left the stage and walked down into the Wembley Stadium crowd to dance with a fan. U2 went on to a headlining spot on 1986's "Conspiracy of Hope" tour for Amnesty International. This 6-show tour across the U.S. performed to sold-out arenas and stadiums, and helped Amnesty International triple its membership in the process.

The Joshua Tree and Rattle and Hum (1987 – 1988)

In 1987, U2 released The Joshua Tree. The album debuted at #1 in the U.K., and quickly reached #1 in the U.S. The singles "With or Without You" and "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For" quickly went to #1 in the U.S. U2 was the fourth rock band to be featured on the cover of Time Magazine (The previous three had been The Beatles, The Band, and The Who), declaring that U2 was "Rock's Hottest Ticket". The Joshua Tree tour sold out stadiums around the world.

The band began to film and record various shows from the tour for the documentary and album Rattle and Hum in 1988 and released on video in 1989. That album became a tribute to American music, when the band recorded at the legendary Sun Studios in Memphis, performed with Bob Dylan and B.B. King, and sang about blues great Billie Holiday. The band also covered The Beatles song Helter Skelter, declaring "This is a song Charles Manson stole from The Beatles, well we're stealin' it back."

Live footage from Joshua Tree Tour concerts at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, AZ and McNichols Arena in Denver, CO featured prominently in the film. The McNichols footage, shot in black and white, included performances from the back catalog while color materiel from Sun Devil mostly comprised (then) current materiel. Two shows were filmed in Tempe. To ensure a full stadium, tickets were discounted to $5.00 a piece.

Despite a positive reception from fans, Rattle and Hum received mixed-to-negative reviews from both film and music critics,

Achtung Baby, Zoo TV and Zooropa (1991 – 1994)

After taking some time off, the band met in Berlin in late 1990 to begin work on their next studio album, again with Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois producing. The original sessions did not go well, but following the inspirational completion of the hit song 'One,' the band eventually emerged from the studio with renewed energy and a new album under its belt. In November of 1991, U2 released the heavily experimental and distorted Achtung Baby. The album was enthusiastically received by fans and critics alike, with Rolling Stone magazine declaring that U2 had "proven that the same penchant for epic musical and verbal gestures that leads many artists to self-parody can, in more inspired hands, fuel the unforgettable fire that defines great rock & roll."

In early 1992, U2 began its first American tour in more than four years. The multimedia event known as the "Zoo TV" tour masterfully confused audiences with hundreds of video screens, upside-down flying Trabant cars, mock transmission towers, satellite TV links, subliminal text messages, and over-the-top stage characters such as "The Fly", "Mirror-ball Man" and "MacPhisto". The tour was among other things U2's attempt at mocking the excesses of rock and roll, by appearing to embrace greed and decadence - even at times, away from the stage. Some missed the point of the tour and thought that U2 had "lost it", and that Bono had become an egomaniac. Following the same theme, U2 went back into the studio to record their next release during a break in the "Zoo TV" tour. The album was intended as an additional EP to Achtung Baby, but soon Zooropa expanded into a full-fledged LP and released in July of 1993. Zooropa was an even greater departure from the style of their earlier recordings, incorporating techno style and other electronic effects.

After some time off, and a few side projects (the Batman Forever and Mission: Impossible soundtracks), the band returned under the radar in 1995 with Brian Eno under the moniker "Passengers", and released an experimental album called Original Soundtracks No. 1. The album, including a collaboration with Luciano Pavarotti, "Miss Sarajevo", was not largely noticed in the industry, and received little attention from the critics and public alike.

Pop and Popmart (1996 – 1998)

In early 1996, U2 began work on their next record. The recording of this album was fraught with difficulty. U2 were once again attempting to change their musical direction, this time the band were experimenting with heavy post production of their music, utilizing tape loops, programming and sampling. This gave the album a techno/disco feel. Pop was released in March of 1997. The album debuted at #1 in 28 countries, and earned U2 mainly positive reviews. Rolling Stone Magazine even went so far a claiming U2 had "defied the odds and made some of the greatest music of their lives". However, audiences and fans felt that the music industry had exceeded the limits of tolerance in promoting Pop, and the album was seen as something of a disappointment by many.

One of the main problems the band had when the recording the album was the time constraint placed upon them by the impending "Popmart World Tour". The band has admitted they were hurried into completing the album and say that a number of tracks on the album were not finished as well they would have liked. It is not surprising that all the tracks from the Pop album to feature on U2s second greatest hits album The Best of 1990-2000, Gone, Discothèque, and Staring At The Sun, were all remixed for inclusion on that album.

With the "Popmart Tour", U2, once again continued the "Zoo TV" theme of decadence. The show hit the road in April, 1997, the set included a 100-foot tall golden yellow arch, a large 150 foot long video screen, and a 35 foot tall mirrorball lemon. It was to be U2s most colourful show to date. The "Popmart tour" was the second-highest grossing tour of 1997 (behind the Rolling Stone's Bridges to Babylon Tour) with revenues of just under $80 million, but it cost more than $100 million to produce.

The band played a brief concert in Belfast in May of 1998, three days before the public voted in favour of the Northern Ireland Peace Accord. Also that year, U2 performed on an Irish TV fundraiser for victims of the Omagh, Northern Ireland bombing which killed 28 and injured hundreds more earlier in the year. In late 1998, U2 released its first greatest hits compilation, The Best of 1980-1990.

All That You Can't Leave Behind and Elevation (2000 – 2001)

U2 went back into the studio in early 1999, yet again with Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois producing. After the overwhelming extravagance of the "PopMart" tour, critics and music industry insiders felt that U2 was trying to return to the days of The Joshua Tree in order to keep its audience of loyal fans. During these sessions, the band collaborated with author Salman Rushdie, who wrote the lyrics to a song called "The Ground Beneath Her Feet", based on his book of the same name. That song, and others, eventually appeared on the soundtrack to The Million Dollar Hotel, a movie based on a story written by Bono.

All That You Can't Leave Behind, released in late October, was received widely as U2's return to grace, and was considered by many to be U2's "third masterpiece" (after Achtung Baby and The Joshua Tree, according to Rolling Stone). It debuted at No. 1 in 22 countries and spawned a world-wide hit single, "Beautiful Day", which also earned three Grammy Awards. U2 followed that release with a major tour in the spring of 2001. The Elevation tour saw the band performing in a scaled down setting, on a heart shaped stage. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 nearly led U2 to cancel the tour, but they decided to continue, starting the second American leg of the tour at the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana, home of the "Fighting Irish". The tour was the top concert draw in North America, where the band's 80 shows (out of 113 worldwide) grossed $110 million, the second-highest total behind The Rolling Stones' "Voodoo Lounge Tour" in 1994. Following such an accomplished album, and a hugely successful tour, many fans felt that U2 had been successful in "re-applying for the job of the biggest band in the world", an application Bono had made a year earlier.

After the Elevation tour ended in late 2001, the culmination of U2's resurrection came when the band performed a spectacular three-song set in New Orleans, Louisiana during halftime of Super Bowl XXXVI. The undisputed highlight of the show was an emotional performance of "Where the Streets Have No Name" in which the names of the victims of the September 11, 2001 attacks, projected onto a pair of backdrops, floated up towards the sky behind the band. At the end of the performance, Bono opened his jacket to reveal an American flag printed on the lining. That image would appear on numerous magazine covers and newspapers. A few months later, All That You Can't Leave Behind picked up four more Grammy Awards.

Bono continued his campaigns for debt and HIV/AIDS relief throughout the summer of 2002. In late 2002, U2 released part two of its greatest hits collection, The Best of 1990-2000. Dance artists LMC sampled "With or Without You" for their track "Take Me To The Clouds Above" which also features lyrics from "How Will I Know" by Whitney Houston. All four members of U2 had to clear the track, which was released under the title of LMC vs U2. Adam Clayton said of the track: "It's a good beat and you can dance to it. I especially like the bassline." The track went to the top of the UK singles charts in February 2004 and also went top 5 in Ireland and top ten in Australia.

How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb and Vertigo (2004 – 2005)

A rough-cut of the band's follow-up album was stolen in Nice, France, in July 2004 [1] (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/3897987.stm). Shortly thereafter, Bono stated that, should the album appear on P2P networks, it would be released immediately via iTunes and be in stores within a month. No such pre-release of the album occurred, however, and the first single from the album, titled "Vertigo", was released for airplay on September 24, 2004. The song received extensive airplay in the first week after its release and debuted at #18 on Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks chart at #46 on the Billboard Hot 100, at #1 on the UK Singles Chart, and #5 on the Australian ARIAnet singles chart. The album, titled How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb, was released on November 22 in much of the world and November 23 in the United States. The album debuted at #1 in 32 countries, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and the band's native Ireland. It sold 840,000 units in the United States in its first week. This was a record for the band, nearly doubling the first-week sales of All That You Can't Leave Behind in the USA.

U2 promoted How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb heavily. They made appearances on TV shows like CD:UK and The Jonathan Ross Show in Britain and Saturday Night Live in America. In another first, the band allowed the single "Vertigo" to be used in a widely-aired iTunes television commercial; though the band did not receive any royalties for the use of the song, due to the commercial the song was well known even before the release of the album. In a further partnership with Apple Computer, the band licensed a special version of the iPod music player with a U2 design (black faceplate with red click wheel, echoing the color scheme for the new album) and facsimilies of the bandmembers' signatures etched on the back plate. The band made a video for the second North American single, "All Because Of You," while riding on a flatbed truck through the streets of Manhattan on November 22. They then played a free concert at a Brooklyn park, attracting over 3,000 fans who had learned of the show on various U2 fan websites.

In April 2004, Rolling Stone magazine placed U2 in its fifty "greatest rock & roll artists of all time". On March 14, 2005, U2 was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility.

In Europe, the next single released from the album - "Sometimes You Can't Make It On Your Own" - once again features a Bono/Pavarotti performance on the B-side. The performance is a Jacknife Lee remix of "Ave Maria" sung by Bono with Luciano Pavarotti.The B-Side of the single also includes a remix of the hit "Vertigo" and a Jacknife Lee remix of "Fast Cars." Fast Cars is an album track available only on the UK and Japan versions and American deluxe editions of Atomic Bomb. The single will be available on 2 CD formats and a DVD single. The DVD carries a video of an exclusive live performance of "Sometimes You Can't Make It On Your Own" from the band's Dublin studio, and a Trent Reznor remix of "Vertigo."

U2 have smashed Irish box office records with ticket sales for their 2005 Croke Park, Dublin concerts, after more than 150,000 were sold within 50 minutes. In Belgium and in Austria the tickets were sold within 60 minutes. In Vancouver, B.C., Canada, the band had scheduled one show but tickets sold out in 8 minutes, so a second show was added. Kings of Leon will be supporting U2 for the American leg of this tour.

U2 released a third single "City Of blinding Lights" from the album, which entered the UK singles chart at no.2 on June 12. Next destination is Live 8...

Other Projects

Beside their band-project, U2 and its members also worked with other musicians, such as the Irish band Clannad with which Bono recorded the song "In A Lifetime." Together with The Edge, Bono wrote the song "GoldenEye" for the James Bond movie of the same name, which was performed by Tina Turner. They also wrote the song "She's A Mystery To Me" for Roy Orbison, which was released on his album Mystery Girl, while Adam Clayton and Larry Mullen Junior did a remix of the title track of the movie Mission: Impossible in 1996.

While working under the pseudonym "Passengers," U2 gave producer Brian Eno quite a bit more creative control and cranked out the album Original Soundtracks No. 1. The work is a compilation of film music for nonexistent movies, and a bit of a step back from the usual style of the band. Two of the tracks, Miss Sarajevo and Your Blue Room, even made it to their best of album for 1990-2000.

U2 also worked together with other artists, like the U.S. author William S. Burroughs who had a guest appearance in their video of Last Night on Earth shortly before he died. His poem 'A thanksgiving prayer' was used as video-footage during the bands Zoo-TV-Tour in the early 1990's.

Also many other musicians were influenced by the work of U2 - there are several cover versions of U2 songs by bands like Pet Shop Boys and The Chimes and musicians like Mica Paris and Johnny Cash. U2 also had a big influence on artists of various kinds like the Austrian painter Kave Atefie (http://www.kave.at) who dedicated successfully two art-series ('Like a promise in the year of election' and 'Outside it's America') to the work of the Irish band.

Sauron

2005-12-13T17:10:00.000-07:00

Sauron in the First Age

In the earliest of days, before the Valar entered Arda, Sauron was in origin an "angelic" spirit called a Maia in Tolkien's invented mythology. He was at first a powerful servant of Aulë, the Smith, a greater angelic spirit, one of the Valar, or ruling powers of the world. However, Sauron was soon subverted by the Dark Lord Melkor (later known as Morgoth, an evil Vala), and Sauron himself turned to evil. Ever after, Sauron served Morgoth faithfully, and even in later days, after Morgoth was defeated and locked outside the confines of the world, Sauron encouraged and coerced Men to worship Morgoth as god. However, while Morgoth wanted to either control or destroy the very matter of Arda itself, Sauron's desire was to dominate the minds and wills of its creatures.

During the First Age, the Ñoldorin Elves left the Blessed Realm of Valinor in the Utter West (against the counsel of the Valar) in order to wage war on Morgoth, who had stolen the Silmarils, enchanted gems that glowed with light, from them. In that war, Sauron served as Morgoth's Chief lieutenant, surpassing all others in rank. Known as Gorthaur the Cruel, Sauron at that time was a master of illusions and changes of form, and werewolves were his servants, chief among them Draugluin, Sire of Werewolves, and Thuringwethil, his vampire Herald. When Morgoth left Angband to corrupt the newly awakened Atani (Men), Sauron directed the War against the Elves. He conquered the Elvish isle of Tol Sirion, so that it became known as Tol-in-Gaurhoth, the Isle of Werewolves. Ten years later, Finrod Felagund, the king of Nargothrond and former lord of Tol Sirion, died protecting Beren in captivity; soon afterward Lúthien and Huan the Wolfhound defeated Sauron in that place and rescued Beren from the dungeons into which Sauron had thrown him. After his defeat by Lúthien, Sauron played little part in the events of the First Age (possibly hiding from Morgoth), and after his master was defeated and cast out by the Valar, Sauron repented (apparently) and pleaded for mercy. But he was unwilling to return to the Utter West for judgment, and so he fled and hid.

Sauron in the Second Age

After lying hidden and dormant for about 1000 years, Sauron put on a fair visage in the Second Age, and calling himself Annatar, the Lord of Gifts, he befriended the Elvish smiths of Eregion, and counseled them in arts and magic. Not all the Elves trusted him, particularly Lady Galadriel and Gil-galad, High King of the Ñoldor, but few listened to them. Then the Elves forged Rings of Power, but in secret Sauron forged the One Ring to rule the Elvish rings, investing most of his own power into the Ring as he forged it. By doing so, he became more powerful than his master Morgoth at the end of the First Age, whose fëa ("soul" or "spirit"), while stronger, was dispersed into the matter of Arda. When Sauron put on the One Ring and tried to dominate the Elves, they resisted, and Sauron came upon them in the War of the Elves and Sauron and, had it not been for the intervention of Númenor, might have defeated them.

In this time Sauron became the Dark Lord of Mordor. He raised Barad-dûr, the Dark Tower, near Mount Doom, where he had forged the One Ring; constructed the Black Gate of Mordor to prevent invasion; and raised massive armies of Orcs, Trolls, and Men, chiefly Easterlings and Southrons. Because of this, towards the end of the Second Age, Sauron assumed the titles of "Lord of the Earth" and "King of Men".

This offended the Númenóreans, the powerful Men descended of Beren and Lúthien, who lived on the island of Númenor in the sea between Middle-earth and Valinor. The Númenóreans, who were then proud, came to Middle-earth with astounding force of arms. Sauron's forces fled, and Sauron was taken as hostage to Númenor by King Ar-Pharazôn. There, he quickly grew from captive to advisor; he converted many Númenóreans to the worship of Morgoth, and raised a great temple in which he performed human sacrifices. Finally, he convinced the king of Númenor to rebel against the Valar and attack Valinor itself. Eru, the supreme god, then directly intervened -- Númenor was drowned under the sea, and the great navy of Númenor was destroyed. The world was bent, so that thereafter only Elven-Ships could sail into the Utter West. Sauron was diminished in the flood of Númenor, and fled back to Mordor, where he slowly rebuilt his strength during the time known as the Dark Years.

From this point on he was unable to assume a fair shape, and ruled now through terror and force. A few faithful Númenóreans were saved from the flood, and they founded Gondor and Arnor in Middle-earth. These faithful Men, led by Elendil and his sons, allied with the Elven-king, Gil-galad, and together fought Sauron and, after long war, defeated him, although both Elendil and Gil-galad were slain. Isildur, son of Elendil, cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger and claimed it. But later the Ring betrayed him, so that Isildur was slain by Orcs, and the Ring was lost for centuries.

Sauron in the Third Age

In the Third Age, Sauron rose again, at first in a stronghold called Dol Guldur, the Hill of Sorcery, in southern Mirkwood. There he was known as the Necromancer, and the Elves did not realize at first that he was actually Sauron returned. Gandalf the wizard stole into Dol Guldur and discovered the truth; eventually the White Council of Wizards and Elves put forth their might and drove Sauron out. But the White Council was led by Saruman, who wanted the Ring for himself. Sauron simply moved back to Mordor and raised again Barad-dûr. He fortified Mordor and prepared for war against Gondor and the Elves, with Saruman now his servant.

Sauron bred immense armies of Orcs. He allied with and enslaved Men from the east and south. He gathered his most terrifying servants, the Nazgûl, or Ringwraiths, each wearing one of the nine rings designed for mortal Men. Sauron adopted the symbol of a lidless eye, and he was able at that time to send out his will over Middle-earth, so that the Eye of Sauron was a symbol of power and fear.

But he was defeated when his One Ring, found by Bilbo Baggins the Hobbit, was cast into the Crack of Doom in Mordor where it had been made. The Ring-bearer, Frodo Baggins, actually failed at the last moment, unable to resist the power of the Ring at the place of its birth; but an earlier bearer of the Ring, Gollum, saved him by recovering the Ring in a desperate attempt to possess it and then falling in himself. Thus, it was ultimately Frodo and Bilbo's pity in sparing Gollum's life that led to the Dark Lord's defeat. Then Sauron's power was unmade, and his corporeal power in Middle-earth came to an end. His spirit towered above Mordor like a malevolent black cloud, but was blown away by a powerful wind from the west, and Sauron was now permanently crippled, never to rise again. (Saruman was soon to suffer a lesser version of this fate.)

Albert Einstein

2005-12-12T15:28:00.000-07:00

Albert Einstein, Physicist
Born: 14 March 1879
Birthplace: Ulm, Germany
Died: 18 April 1955 (heart failure)
Best Known As: Creator of the theory of relativity
Thanks to his theory of relativity, Einstein became the most famous scientist of the 20th century. In 1905, while working in a Swiss patent office, he published a paper proposing a "special theory of relativity," a groundbreaking notion which laid the foundation for much of modern physics theory. (The theory included his famous equation e=mc².) Einstein's work had a profound impact on everything from quantum theory to nuclear power and the atom bomb. He continued to develop and refine his early ideas, and in 1915 published what is known as his general theory of relativity. By 1920 Einstein was internationally renowned; he won the Nobel Prize in 1921, not for relativity but for his 1905 work on the photoelectric effect. In 1933 Einstein moved to Princeton, New Jersey, where he worked at the Institute for Advanced Studies until the end of his life. Einstein's genius is often compared with that of Sir Isaac Newton; in 2000 Time magazine named him the leading figure of the 20th century.

In 1939 Einstein sent a famous letter to Franklin Roosevelt, warning of Germany's work on an atomic bomb and urging Allied research... Einstein was famously rumpled and frizzy-haired, and over time his image has become synonymous with absent-minded genius... The Institute for Advanced Studies has no formal link to Princeton University; however, according the IAS website, the two institutions "have many historic ties and ongoing relationships."

Einstein, Albert (īn'stīn) , 1879–1955, American theoretical physicist, known for the formulation of the relativity theory, b. Ulm, Germany. He is recognized as one of the greatest physicists of all time.
Life

Einstein lived as a boy in Munich and Milan, continued his studies at the cantonal school at Aarau, Switzerland, and was graduated (1900) from the Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich. Later he became a Swiss citizen. He was examiner (1902–9) at the patent office, Bern. During this period he obtained his doctorate (1905) at the Univ. of Zürich, evolved the special theory of relativity, explained the photoelectric effect, and studied the motion of atoms, on which he based his explanation of Brownian movement. In 1909 his work had already attracted attention among scientists, and he was offered an adjunct professorship at the Univ. of Zürich. He resigned that position in 1910 to become full professor at the German Univ., Prague, and in 1912 he accepted the chair of theoretical physics at the Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich.

By 1913 Einstein had won international fame and was invited by the Prussian Academy of Sciences to come to Berlin as titular professor of physics and as director of theoretical physics at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute. He assumed these posts in 1914 and subsequently resumed his German citizenship. For his work in theoretical physics, notably on the photoelectric effect, he received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics. His property was confiscated (1934) by the Nazi government because he was Jewish, and he was deprived of his German citizenship. He had previously accepted (1933) a post at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, which he held until his death in 1955. An ardent pacifist, Einstein was long active in the cause of world peace; however, in 1939, at the request of a group of scientists, he wrote to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to stress the urgency of investigating the possible use of atomic energy in bombs. In 1940 he became an American citizen.

Major Contributions to Science

The Special and General Theories of Relativity

Einstein's early work on the theory of relativity (1905) dealt only with systems or observers in uniform (unaccelerated) motion with respect to one another and is referred to as the special theory of relativity; among other results, it demonstrated that two observers moving at great speed with respect to each other will disagree about measurements of length and time intervals made in each other's systems, that the speed of light is the limiting speed of all bodies having mass, and that mass and energy are equivalent. In 1911 he asserted the equivalence of gravitation and inertia, and in 1916 he completed his mathematical formulation of a general theory of relativity that included gravitation as a determiner of the curvature of a space-time continuum. He then began work on his unified field theory, which attempts to explain gravitation, electromagnetism, and subatomic phenomena in one set of laws; the successful development of such a unified theory, however, eluded Einstein.

Photons and the Quantum Theory

In addition to the theory of relativity, Einstein is also known for his contributions to the development of the quantum theory. He postulated (1905) light quanta (photons), upon which he based his explanation of the photoelectric effect, and he developed the quantum theory of specific heat. Although he was one of the leading figures in the development of quantum theory, Einstein regarded it as only a temporarily useful structure. He reserved his main efforts for his unified field theory, feeling that when it was completed the quantization of energy and charge would be found to be a consequence of it. Einstein wished his theories to have that simplicity and beauty which he thought fitting for an interpretation of the universe and which he did not find in quantum theory.

Writings

Einstein's writings include Relativity: The Special and the General Theory (1918; tr. 1920, reissued 1947) and excerpts (most of them translated) from letters, articles, and addresses collected in About Zionism (1930), The World as I See It (1934), Out of My Later Years (1950), Ideas and Opinions (1954), and Einstein on Peace (ed. by Otto Nathan and Heinz Norden, 1960). Einstein's manuscripts and correspondence are presently at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton. The first volume of an edition of his collected works, under the editorship of John Stachel et al., appeared in 1987

Alfredo is so sexy

2005-12-12T15:24:00.000-07:00

Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo Alfredo

Too bad i don't have picture of him.

School

2005-12-12T15:14:00.000-07:00

Today when we were danceing in gym Deseray asked me to dance with her (She is so hot, Her ass is like so fine) Today was the greatest day of my life.

wall

2005-12-10T15:23:00.000-07:00

This is my wallpaper

Being gay

2005-12-10T15:16:00.000-07:00

Some people act weird when they learn that your gay like when i told udy that i was gay he wouldn't talk to me for a week and then he would like just be different around me. And when i check out boys he's like growsed out its like not that weird.
But i remember the time i actually kissed rudy on thee lips, I was Makkeing a point that it wasn't gross or weird to kiss a boy but the disturbing part was that he actually liked it.

shopping

2005-12-10T14:55:00.000-07:00

I just got home from christmas shoppinp wich is horrible by the way. i had to buy gifts for 6 people.

saturday

2005-12-10T08:30:00.000-07:00

Today im going to my friends house and to help him paint his room ithink red well any ways i was looking through my hard drive and i realized that i have some weird pics of my friends.

This is a pic of Rudy holding himself before his first comunion wich counts as a weird pic

This is my post in german!

Im heute gehend zu meinem Freundhaus und ihm helfen, seinen Raumithink-Rotbrunnen zu malen irgendwelche Weisen, die ich durch meinen harten Antrieb schaute und ich stellte fest, daß ich irgendeinen sonderbaren pics meiner Freunde habe.

GREAT

2005-12-09T15:20:00.000-07:00

Today freddy the sexiest little boy in the world started to talk to me and i think he really likes me!

web browsing

2005-12-09T15:15:00.000-07:00

Here are a few pics i got off the internet
Disclaimer: These photos do not belong to me they are owned and were created by other people.

Martin Luther King

2005-12-08T18:43:00.000-07:00

Born: 15 January 1929
Birthplace: Atlanta, Georgia
Died: 4 April 1968 (assassination by gunshot)
Best Known As: Civil rights hero who said "I have a dream"
Martin Luther King, Jr. was an African-American clergyman who advocated social change through non-violent means. His writings and public appearances shaped the American civil rights movement of the 1950s and '60s. In 1963 (the 100th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation), King organized a march on Washington, D.C. that drew 200,000 people demanding equal rights for minorities. In 1964 King won the Nobel Peace Prize, becoming at the time the youngest recipient ever. He was shot to death by James Earl Ray in 1968 while visiting Memphis, Tennessee.

To_day_Sucked

2005-12-08T18:34:00.000-07:00

Today sucked because my physical ed teacher yelled at me because I didn’t want to dance. Yes their making us dance as part of our final exam. Well its not my fault that no body wants to dace with me. I am already used to being last, socially it’s like I’m on the outside looking in. well that bitch teacher is going to hell.
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in other news my friend has moved into another state. HERE is a pic.

monday

2005-11-07T15:51:00.000-07:00

This monday was the worst day of this month first i had to take a cold shower this morning, then there was no coffee wich also sucked. At school well i had to work on a class project by my self because my partner wasn't there because he went hunting. Then when i was showering after gym well some "boy" grabed my dick wich well was weird. right now i started listening to THE PASSENGERS by U2

Hello

2005-11-05T10:40:00.000-07:00

this is my first blog post

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